Recently, many contemporary artists are using data as materials for art production. The study aims to introduce the current state of data art and the concept of data literacy, and to provide a variety of perspectives on data visualization by analyzing data art into activism art, Generative art, and expressive art approaches. Based on this analysis, I conducted art based action research in Art teacher training institute for the gifted for art, Seoul national university of education, and elementary school. The results of this action research are four-fold. First, data can be used as a material for a rich interpretation of the world, Second, students can engage in art practice in the form of inquiries that create awareness and meaning for ourselves and the world by approaching the data from a critical, empirical, and interpretive perspective. Third, data art shows the possibility of translating between forms of re-presentation. Finally, it is executed in the continuum of science and art, so that students can perform art and inquiry activities in analytical, conceptual, symbolic, intuitive, metaphorical thinking.